China bụ obodo nwere ụdị achara na ọkwa kachasị elu nke njikwa achara. Site na uru akụ achara ya bara ụba yana teknụzụ na-eme akwụkwọ achara tozuru oke, ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta akwụkwọ achara na-eto eto na ngbanwe na nkwalite na-abawanye ngwa ngwa. N'afọ 2021, mmepụta achara nke obodo m bụ nde tọn 2.42, mmụba otu afọ n'afọ nke 10.5%; enwere ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta achara 23 karịa ahaziri nha, yana ndị ọrụ 76,000 yana uru mmepụta nke ijeri yuan 13.2; enwere ụlọ ọrụ nhazi na mmepụta akwụkwọ achara 92, yana ndị ọrụ 35,000 yana uru mmepụta nke ijeri yuan 7.15; e nwere ihe karịrị ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta akwụkwọ 80 ejiri aka mee na-eji bamboo dị ka akụrụngwa, yana ihe dị ka ndị ọrụ 5,000 na uru mmepụta nke ihe dị ka nde yuan 700; ijeụkwụ nke iwepụ ikike mmepụta azụ agbagoro ngwa ngwa, yana nri kemịkalụ pulping dị elu na teknụzụ ịcha ọcha, kemịkalụ kemịkalụ pulping na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma tupu impregnation na teknụzụ pulping na akụrụngwa ejirila ọtụtụ ebe na mmepụta achara. Ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta akwụkwọ achara nke obodo m na-aga n'ihu na nhazi na ọnụ ọgụgụ.
Usoro ọhụrụ
Na Disemba 2021, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, National Development and Reform Commission na ngalaba 10 ndị ọzọ jikọtara ọnụ nyere "Echiche na Accelerating Innovation and Development of Bamboo Industry". Mpaghara dị iche iche ejirila nke ọma mepụta amụma nkwado iji nye nkwado amụma siri ike maka ịkwalite mmepe mmepe dị elu nke ụlọ ọrụ achara, gụnyere achara pulp na ụlọ ọrụ akwụkwọ. Ebe isi achara na ebe a na-emepụta akwụkwọ gbadoro ụkwụ na Sichuan, Guizhou, Chongqing, Guangxi, Fujian na Yunnan. N'ime ha, Sichuan bụ ugbu a nnukwu achara pulp na mmepụta akwụkwọ na obodo m. N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, Sichuan Province ewepụtala nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ na ụyọkọ ụlọ ọrụ akwụkwọ nke "bamboo-pulp-paper-processing-sales", mepụtara akara na-eduga nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ achara, wee gbanwee uru nke akụrụngwa achara akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ka ọ bụrụ mmepe ụlọ ọrụ. uru, na-enweta nsonaazụ dị ịrịba ama. Dabere na akụ bamboo bara ụba, Sichuan akọpụtala ụdị ọhịa achara dị elu, mee ka ntọala ntọala dị mma dị mma, kụọ ọhịa achara na mkpọda ihe karịrị ogo 25 na ala ubi na-abụghị nke nwere mkpọda nke 15 ruo 25 na mmiri dị mkpa. isi mmalite ndị na-ezute amụma ahụ, na nkà mmụta sayensị kwalitere njikwa akụkụ atọ nke ọhịa bamboo, hazie mmepe nke ọhịa achara na ọhịa achara na gburugburu ebe obibi, ma wusie ike nkwụghachi ụgwọ dị iche iche na usoro enyemaka. Ebe nchekwa achara abawanyela nke ọma. N'afọ 2022, mpaghara ọhịa bamboo dị na mpaghara ahụ karịrị nde 18, na-enye nnukwu akụrụngwa akụrụngwa fiber bamboo dị elu maka ịkpụ achara na ime akwụkwọ, ọkachasị akwụkwọ achara achara. Iji hụ na ịdị mma nke akwụkwọ ndụ bamboo pulp wee kwalite mmata nke akwụkwọ ezinaụlọ na agba eke n'ụlọ na mba ofesi, otu Sichuan Paper Industry Association tinyere akwụkwọ na Trademark Office nke State Intellectual Property Office maka ndebanye aha nke "Bamboo Pulp Paper. " mkpokọta ụghalaahịa. Site na mgba otu aka gara aga ruo na mmepe etiti na nnukwu mmepe ugbu a, ijikọ ọnụ maka imekọ ihe ọnụ na imeri emeri aghọwo ihe e ji mara mmepe nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Sichuan. N'afọ 2021, enwere ụlọ ọrụ 13 na-akụ achara karịa nha ahapụtara na Sichuan Province, yana mmepụta achara nke nde tọn 1.2731, mmụba kwa afọ nke 7.62%, na-aza 67.13% nke mbụ achara achara, nke mba ahụ. nke ihe dịka 80% ji emepụta akwụkwọ ụlọ; enwere ụlọ ọrụ akwụkwọ achara 58 na-emepụta kwa afọ nke nde tọn 1.256; enwere ụlọ ọrụ na-ahazi akwụkwọ achara 248 na-arụpụta kwa afọ nke nde tọn 1.308. A na-ere 40% nke akwụkwọ ndụ achara anụ ahụ nke emepụtara na mpaghara ahụ, a na-erekwa 60% na mpụga mpaghara na mba ofesi site na nyiwe ahịa e-commerce na atụmatụ "Belt na Road" nke mba. Ụwa na-ele China anya ka ọ na-achọ pulp achara, China na-elekwa Sichuan anya maka achara. Akara Sichuan "bamboo pulp paper" agaala ụwa niile.
Nkà na ụzụ ọhụrụ
Obodo m bụ onye kasị ukwuu n'ụwa na-emepụta achara pulp/bamboo dissolving pulp, na 12 ọgbara ọhụrụ achara mmepụta ahịrị na-emepụta ihe karịrị 100,000 tọn kwa afọ, a ngụkọta mmepụta ikike nke 2.2 nde tọn, nke 600,000 ton na-agbari achara. pulp. Fang Guigan, onye nyocha na onye nlekọta doctoral na Institute of Forest Products Chemical Industry nke China Academy of Forestry, etinyela aka na nyocha na mmepe nke teknụzụ isi na akụrụngwa maka ụlọ ọrụ pulping dị elu nke obodo m. O kwuru na mgbe mbọ niile nke ụlọ ọrụ, agụmakwụkwọ na nyocha gasịrị, ndị nchọpụta emebila teknụzụ ndị bụ isi nke achara pulp/dissolving pulp, na teknụzụ isi nri na ịcha ọcha na akụrụngwa ejirila ọtụtụ ebe na-emepụta pulp chemical bamboo. Site na mgbanwe na ntinye nke nsonaazụ nyocha sayensị na nkà na ụzụ dị ka "New Teknụzụ maka ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma Bamboo Pulping and Papermaking" ebe ọ bụ na "atụmatụ afọ ise nke iri na abụọ", obodo m ebutela nsogbu nke N na P salt balance na usoro nke mwepụ silicon mmanya na-egbu mmanya na ọgwụgwọ mpụ na mpụga. N'otu oge ahụ, enweela ọganihu ọganihu na mmụba nke oke ọcha nke ịchacha mkpụrụ osisi bamboo dị elu. N'okpuru ọnọdụ usoro onunu ogwu nke ịcha ọcha akụ na ụba, ịdị ọcha nke pulp mkpụrụ osisi bamboo abawanyela site na ihe na-erughị 65% ruo ihe karịrị 70%. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ndị na-eme nchọpụta na-arụ ọrụ iji mebie ihe mgbochi teknụzụ dị ka ike ike dị elu na mkpụrụ dị ala na usoro mmepụta achara, ma na-agbalịsi ike ịmepụta uru dị ọnụ na mmepụta achara ma melite asọmpi ahịa mba ụwa nke achara.
Ohere ọhụrụ
Na Jenụwarị 2020, iwu mmachi mgbochi rọba mba ọhụrụ gosipụtara oke mmachi rọba yana nhọrọ ndị ọzọ, na-eweta ohere ọhụrụ na pulp bamboo na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta akwụkwọ. Ndị ọkachamara rụtụrụ aka na n'okpuru ndabere nke "carbon dual", bamboo, dị ka ihe dị mkpa na-abụghị osisi, na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịhụ na nchekwa osisi zuru ụwa ọnụ, mmepe nke obere carbon green, na imeziwanye ndụ ndị mmadụ. "Iji achara dochie plastik" na "iji achara dochie osisi" nwere ikike dị ukwuu yana nnukwu mmepe ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe. Bamboo na-eto ngwa ngwa, nwere nnukwu biomass ma nwee akụ na ụba. Ọdịmma nke morphology fiber bamboo na ọdịnaya cellulose dị n'etiti osisi coniferous na osisi nwere nnukwu akwụkwọ, na pulp achara emepụtara dị ka nke osisi. The achara pulp eriri dị ogologo karịa nke osisi sara mbara, microstructure mgbidi cell bụ ihe pụrụ iche, ike ịkụ na ductility dị mma, na pulp na-acha ọcha nwere ezigbo ihe anya. N'otu oge ahụ, achara nwere ọdịnaya cellulose dị elu ma bụrụ ihe eji eme fiber dị mma maka ịme akwụkwọ. Enwere ike iji njirimara dị iche iche nke pulp bamboo na pulp osisi mepụta akwụkwọ dị elu dị iche iche na akwụkwọ mpempe akwụkwọ. Fang Guigan kwuru na mmepe na-adigide nke pulp bamboo na ụlọ ọrụ akwụkwọ enweghị ike ịpụpụ na mmepụta ọhụrụ: nke mbụ, mmepụta iwu ọhụrụ, na-abawanye nkwado ego, na-ewu ma melite akụrụngwa dịka okporo ụzọ, cableway, na slides na mpaghara ọhịa bamboo. Nke abuo, ihe ohuru n'ime ngwa nbitu, okachasi iji ngwa nbibi akpaghị aka na nke nwere ọgụgụ isi, ga-eme ka nrụpụta ọrụ dịkwuo mma ma belata ọnụ ahịa mbelata. Nke atọ, imepụta ihe ọhụrụ, na mpaghara nwere ọnọdụ akụ dị mma, hazie ma wuo ogige ụlọ ọrụ na-ahazi achara, gbatịa agbụ ụlọ ọrụ wee gbasaa ụdọ nhazi, nweta n'ezie iji akụrụngwa achara n'ụzọ zuru oke, wee bulie uru akụ na ụba nke ụlọ ọrụ achara. Nke anọ, ihe ọhụrụ sayensị na teknụzụ, na-agbasa ụdị ngwaahịa achara, dị ka ihe eji arụ ọrụ achara, bọọdụ achara, nhazi miri emi nke akwụkwọ achara, nhazi miri emi nke ibe achara (ọnụ, achara odo, bran achara), itinye n'ọrụ dị elu. lignin, ma gbasaa ohere nke ngwa nke cellulose (dissolving pulp); dozie isi ihe mgbochi teknụzụ dị na mmepụta achara n'ụzọ ezubere iche wee ghọta nkwalite teknụzụ na akụrụngwa ụlọ. Maka ụlọ ọrụ, site n'ịmepụta ngwaahịa ọhụrụ dị iche iche dị ka mgbaze pulp, akwụkwọ ezinụlọ, na akwụkwọ nkwakọ ngwaahịa nri, na-ewusi uru dị elu gbakwunyere n'ụzọ zuru ezu nke mkpofu eriri na mmepụta, ọ bụ ụzọ dị irè isi pụta n'ụzọ dị elu. ụdị uru ozugbo enwere ike wee nweta mmepe dị elu.
Oge nzipu: Sep-08-2024
